Pulmo CPOD 1: Definition, Etiology & Patogenesis

A. Definition

Lung disease Obstructive chronicles (CPOD) is a disease of breath because of the way obstructs chronicle bronchitis or emphysema (American Thoracic Society 1995). In general obstructs are progressive, with the hyperactivity's broncs and others are reversible. There are 3 diseases that have a role in the CPOD chronicle bronchitis, tuberculosis and emphysema.

B. Etiology

There are several factors that cause the emergence CPOD:
- Smoking habit
- Air pollution
- Exposure to dust, smoke, gases and chemicals as a result of
- History channel breath infection
- A genetic deficiency namely α-1 antitripsin

C. Pathogenesis

Chronic bronchitis is a cause / the initial stage of CPOD. This disease is marked by cough-cough almost every day and spend a productive sputum, sometimes only mild shortness of breath even without shortness of breath, lack of minimum 3 months in a row, in 1 year, and at least for 2 years. The cause in most cases, caused by acute respiratory tract infection by the virus (80%), and several types of bacteria, especially Haemophilia's influenza, Pneumococcus and Branhamella catarrhalis. At this stage, so that it can be reversible experience healing perfectly.
CPOD second phase is characterized by the development emphysema / destructs network dilatation and tuberculosis, that cause shortness of breath constantly and will increase in time spent on the effort (exertion); people often feel tired and less energy. Alveolars cavity inflate and expand so that the wall of the alveolars contains a lot of the blood vessel is thin and eventually become damaged (atrophy). Thus, the surface of tuberculosis that are available for absorption of oxygen can be reduced up to 30% so that the heart must work stronger to meet body needs oxygen network. As a result the trunk aorta tonus and increased blood pressure arteriole on tuberculosis will also be increased so that the burden ventricle grow into the job ventricle result in failure called cor pulmonary.
Some sources said that asthma bronchial weight can also cause tuberculosis emphysema, so that it can be said is emfisema final phase of asthma. People with asthma can be known since the age of the children because the disease is a descendant of the disease / atopi. Differences in asthma with a review of the causes of bronchitis inflammation. Asthma is caused by chronic inflammation that is sterile from the respiratory tract due to hyperactivity's broncs stimulus allergen in sensitive individuals. Unlike the CPOD, asthma is still reversible, and attack only a few minutes to several hours, and between the two attacks, the patient does not show symptoms.