Management
Handling peritonsiler abscess include hydration, pain, and antibiotics are effective to overcome Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobic bacteria. Fine needle aspiration is an effective treatment in 75% peritonsiler abscess in children and is recommended as primary therapy unless there is a history of recurrent tonsillitis, or abscess before it peritonsiler measure is immediately tonsilektomi (Bailey, 2005).
In the infiltration stage, given high doses of antibiotics, and symptomatic medications. Also need to gargle-gargle with warm water and cold compresses on the neck. Appropriate choice of antibiotic depends on the results of cultures of microorganisms in the needle aspiration. Penicillin is a "drug of choice" in peritonsilar abscesses and 98% effective in cases when the combicated with metronidazole. Dosage for penicillin in adults is 600 mg IV every 6 hours for 12-24 hours, and children 12500-25000 U / kg every 6 hours.
Initial dose metronidazole for adult maintenance dose of 15mg/kg and 6 hours after initial dose with intravenous 7.5 mg / kg for 1 hour was given for 6-8 hours and not exceed 4 grams / day (Fachruddin, 2002).
If formed abscess, requiring surgical drainage, either by needle aspiration technique or with incision and drainage techniques. Difficulties may arise in ascertaining whether associated with acute cellulitis or abscess formation which had actually been hesitant happen, needle size 17 can be inserted (after application with anesthetic spray) into the three locations that seemed most likely to produce pus aspirations. If pus is found by accident, this method may be sufficient for drainage followed by antibiotics. If the amount of pus were found, and insufficient drainage with this method, a further incision and drainage can be done (Adams, 1997).
Incision and drainage technique requires local anesthesia. First pharynx sprayed with topical anesthetic. Then 2 cc Xilocain with adrenaline 1 / 100, 000 injected. Knife tonsila no 12 or no 11 with tape to prevent deep penetration used to make the incision through the mucosa and submucosal polar near the tonsilaris fossa. Place of incision is the most prominent areas and soft or in the middle of the line joining the base of uvula with the last molar on the side of dull aching Hemostat is inserted through the incision and gently stretched. Tonsila suction should be provided to collect pus issued. In older children or young adults with severe trismus, surgical drainage for abscesses peritonsiler possible after the application of fluid cocaine 4% in the incision area and regional areas and the fossa ganglion sfenopalatina Nasalis. This is sometimes reduce pain and trismus. Children younger require general anesthesia. Tonsilektomi recommends immediate (tonsilektomi quinsy) feel that this is a safe procedure that helps perfect drainage of the abscess if tonsila removed (Adams, 1997).
When tonsilektomi performed with acts of abscesses drainage tonsilektomi it is called "a chaud", when tonsilektomi performed 3-4 days after darinase abscess tonsilektomi called "a tiede" and if tonsilektomi performed 4-6 weeks after the drainage of abscesses tonsilektomi called "a froid ". Tonsilektomi generally performed after the infection quiet, ie 2-3 weeks after the drainage of abscesses (Fachruddin, 2002).
If there is trismus, then to overcome the pain, given analgesia (local), with novocain injected xylocain or 1% of ganglion sfenopalatinum. This ganglion is located at the rear of the lateral from concha media. Sfenopalatinum ganglion nerve has branches Palatina anterior and posterior media that send branches to aferen nerve tonsil and palate molle on the tonsils. The most appropriate area for the incision got inervasi from Palatine branch m. trigeminal ganglion sfenopalatinum passing. Then the patients recommended for surgery tonsilektomi (Fachruddin, 2002).
Tonsilektomi an absolute indication to people who suffer from recurrent abscess or abscess peritonsilaris which extends to the surrounding tissue. Peritonsil abscess has a large tendency to relapse. Until now there has been no agreement on when tonsilektomi done peritonsil abscess. Some authors recommend 6-8 weeks later tonsilektomi considering the possibility of bleeding or sepsis, whereas others recommend immediate tonsilektomi (Adams, 1997).
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