cancer lungs: 5

Like most other cancers than the exact cause of lung cancer are unknown, but prolonged exposure or inhalation of a carcinogenic substance which is the main causative factor in addition to other factors such as immune, genetic, and others.

From some literature has reported that the etiology of lung cancer is related to smoking. Lombard and Doering (1928) have reported high incidence of lung cancer in smokers compared with nonsmokers.

Layer formed from the respiratory tract cells to the surface of a rectangular shape (columnar epithelium) and the glands that produce mucus and other fluids. In the lungs of healthy, these cells divide in a controlled and orderly arrangement. However, when a cell becomes cancerous, the cells continued to divide even when new cells are not needed. Although it took years to develop lung cancer, lung tissue changes may occur as soon as possible after exposure with lung cancer causing compounds (carcinogens) in cigarette smoke. When exposed continuously, normal cells are damaged and eventually become cancerous. Because of easy access to the bloodstream and lymph vessels, cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body before the patient develops symptoms.

Smoking is the main cause of approximately 90% of cases of lung cancer in men and about 70% in women. The more cigarettes smoked, the greater the risk for suffering from lung cancer.

There is a relationship between the average number of cigarettes smoked per day with a high incidence of lung cancer. It is said that, 1 of 9 heavy smokers will suffer from lung cancer. Later the report several studies suggest that passive smokers would be at risk for lung cancer. Children who are exposed to smoke for 25 years in adulthood will be subject to the risk of lung cancer doubled compared with the not exposed, and women living with husband / partner is also affected smokers lung cancer risk 2-3 fold. An estimated 25% of lung cancer than non-smokers is derived from passive smokers. Lung cancer incidence in women in the USA in the last 10 years also increased to 5% per year, partly because of the increasing number of women smokers or passive smokers.

Effect of cigarettes not only lead to lung cancer, but can also cause cancer in other organs such as the mouth, larynx and esophagus.

Report of the NCI (National Cancer Institute) in the USA in 1992 declared cancer in other organs such as kidneys, urinary vesika, ovary, uterus, colon, rectum, liver, penis and others higher in patients who smoke than non-smoking.