parotitis 5

Laboratory Examination

Laboratory examination is not too typical, like other viral infections. Number of leukocyte normal or there is a relatively lymphocytes with leukopenia. As additional checks can be done Neutralization Test, virus isolation, intradermal test, and measurement amylase degree in serum.
Neutralization tests performed with the patient mix the serum with the culture medium for chick embryo fibroblast and then test whether there is hemadsorbsi. Dilution of serum to prevent the occurrence of hemadsorbsi expressed by parotitis epidemic antibody titer. This examination to determine the immunity against parotitis epidemic.
Virus isolation is done by creating a culture or monkey kidney cells. Expressed a positive culture when there is hemadsorbsi culture in a given fluid and NaCl-phosphate does not exist in the culture of the hiperimun.
Intradermal test performed with 0.1 ml of fluid containing the virus parotitis epidemic dead in intrakutan in the polar arm down and read 24 - 48 hours later. Examination revealed positive when there is eritema and indurasi greater than 15 mm. examination is still in doubt uses assessment immunity against parotitis epidemic.
Human culture or monkey kidney cells are used mainly for virus isolation. The influence sitopatik sometimes found, but hemadsorbsi is the most sensitive indicator. The virus has isolated saliva, serebrospinal fluid, blood, urine, brain and tissue infected lain.

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parotitis 4

Clinical symptoms

Incubation period ranges from 14-24 days, with a peak on the day to 17-18. Starting with the stadium prodormal, ever one to two days with symptoms of fever, anorexia, and headache, vomiting and muscle pains (especially neck area). In the children, a manifestation prodormal rare. Usually the body temperature rose to 38.5 0C - 39.5 0C, and then arise parotis gland swelling (the zygoma; mandibula back in front of the mastoid), which initially unilateral but can then be bilateral.
Swelling was felt pain on both spontaneous and palpability, all the more so when people eat or drink something sour; this is a typical symptom for the disease parotitis epidemic. Swollen parotis typical; initially fill the cavity between the posterior edge mandibula and mastoid, and then extends in a catenary curve down and to the future, is limited by the zygoma. Edema skin and network software is usually more extensive and obscure boundaries swollen gland, so that swollen be easier than with a view palpasi.1, 2.3
Swollen can progress so quickly, reaching a maximum in a few hours, though usually having peak in 1-3 days. Swollen network to encourage lobus ear up and out, and the angle mandibula no longer can be seen. Swollen slowly disappear in 3-7 days, but sometimes longer end. One gland parotis tumefy usually a day or two days before the other, but common swollen limited to one gland.
In the tropics, the skin appears red brown, painful on pressure, the bottom leaves up to the top of the ear. Sometimes accompanied by trismus, disfagia, muscle pain, especially neck, headaches and feeling lethargic. In the mouth cavity in the mouth ducts stenson visible redness and edema. Gland swelling lasted 3 days and then collapse. Sometimes the gland submandibularis and sublingualis can also fall under.
Swollen and redness around the hole Stensen channel can occur. Edema faring and palatum mole homolateral accompany swollen parotis and medial to move tonsil. Edema at the top of the manubrium and the top of the chest wall may occur due to stoppage lymphatic. Swollen parotis usually are accompanied by fever; norm al temperatures prevalent (20%), but the temperature of 400C (1040F) or more rare.

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parotitis 3

Patofisiologi and Pathogenesis

On parotis gland saliva, especially in the channel there is a difference epitel cell swelling, widening the channel and the stoppage. When the testis infection then there is little bleeding and necrosis cells epitel tubuli seminiferus. In the pancreas sometimes there is a degeneration necrosis tissue.
After the entry and begin cell division in the respiratory tract, the virus was brought to the blood of many networks, including salivary gland to gland and the other the most prone.
The virus can isolated saliva for 6 days before and up to 9 days after emergence swollen salivary gland. Transmission probably not going longer than 24 hours before the emergence swollen or more slowly than 3 days after healed. The virus can isolated from urin since the first day to 14 after starting swollen salivary gland. The virus can isolated faring two days before to six days after going parotis gland enlargement. In the patients without parotis epidemic gland enlargement parotis, the virus can also isolated from faring.
Lifelong immunity usually accompany the infection or clinical subklinis, although the two infections have been documented. Antibody tranplasental presumably effective in an infant during the first 6-8 weeks. Infants born of mothers suffering from parotitis in the weeks before childbirth had parotitis may appear clinically at the time of the birth or illness at the time neonates.

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parotitis 2

Definition
Parotitis is an infection of salivary gland disease acute, contagious, with symptoms typical of salivary gland enlargement, especially parotis gland.

Etiology
Caused by a virus from the family paramixo, which also includes the influenza, measles virus and the disease Newcastle.

Epidemiology
The disease spread throughout the world and can occur in endemic or epidemic. Parotitis is endemic in most urban population (urban); reservoir of virus spread from direct contact with the man, drops, air drops are taken, the things that contaminate with saliva, and possibly with urin.
The virus is spread to all over the world and about men and women, 85% of infection occurs in children or young people from the age of 15 years before-the distribution of immunization. Now this disease often occurs in young adults. Epidemic seems mainly related to the absence of immunization, rather than the decrease of immunity. Epidemic occurred in all seasons, but often at the end of winter and spring. Source of infection may be difficult to track because the infection is 30-40% subklinis. There is a decrease in incidence since the introduction of vaccines parotitis epidemic in 1968.

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parotitis 1

Parotitis is an infection of salivary gland disease acute, contagious, with symptoms typical of salivary gland enlargement, especially parotis gland. Spread the disease through direct contact with patients, such as contact with liquid vomit, saliva, urine and the patient, or through the air when people cough or sneeze. The disease is caused by the virus, so treatment is only symptomatic.
Parotitis disease spread around the world and can occur in endemic or epidemic. Parotitis is endemic in most urban populations. The virus is spread to all over the world and about men and women, 85% of infection occurs in children or young people from the age of 15 years before-the distribution of immunization. Now this disease often occurs in adults.
After the introduction of parotitis vaccine epidemic in 1968 there is a decrease in incidence figures parotitis, parotitis now so rare. In Indonesia there is also a vaccination to prevent the occurrence of parotitis. Name popular in Indonesia is "Gondongan" .
This disease is classified as mild disease, but when handling any complications that may occur serious and dangerous. Indonesia is still a lot of people who do not know about this gondongan, how to prevention, and handling. Most people have a belief or myth about the treatment of disease parotitis, where this disease can be cured with a blau powder spread on the neck under the ear swell. Because most cases of this disease occur in children, the role of family is very important to prevent and overcome disease parotitis.

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